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acroterion an ornament or a plinth at the apex or the lower angle of a classical pediment apse a semi-circular extension, often of a chancel or transept arcade 1. a series of arches 2. blind arcade - a series of arches fixed to a wall 3. a shopping street that is covered, usually with glass architrave 1. the section of the classical entablature that rests on the capital 2. the moulding around a window or door ashlar square-cut stone blocks, often used as a smooth facing over brick or rubble aumbry a cupboard to hold the vessels used in the mass baldacchino a sheltering canopy, often supported on columns battlement a parapet on a wall, alternating high and low bay a section of an elevation as divided by columns, windows, etc. beakhead Norman moulding with a row of heads (often bird-like) with mouths or beaks biting a roll bellcote a small structure to hold bells, roofed, but often with open sides boss an ornament placed at the intersection of roof timbers or ribs in a vault box pew a pew enclosed by tall sides, entered by a door bracket a piece of supporting stone broach a triangular face that enables a square tower to turn into an octagonal spire buttress a stone, brick or wood structure projecting from a wall, designed to support it by counteracting lateral thrust capital the moulded head of a column, pier or pilaster chamfer the surface formed when a square angle is cut away obliquely chancel the eastern space in a church where the high altar is usually found chancel arch an arch at the west end of the chancel that leads from the nave or the crossing chapel of ease a chapel for those living a distance from the main church chevron a zig-zag ornament characteristic of Norman architecture clerestory also clearstory: the upper part of the nave wall of a church pierced by windows coping a course of stone, concrete, etc. at the top of a wall crockets small, repeated, leafy, upward projections on the edge of a pinnacle, gable, etc. crypt an underground, or semi-underground area, usually at the east end of a church cusps the projecting point between foils dagger a dagger shaped tracery motif with two pointed lobes, one long and blade-like demi-columns columns with only half of the circumference projecting from the wall dogtooth a C13 moulding of raised pyramids with indented edges drip-course a moulded stone projection, designed to protect the wall below from water damage embattled having battlements entasis a slightly convex profile used originally by the Greeks (in columns) to counteract the impression of concavity produced by parallel lines faience glazed tilework fielded panel a wooden panel with a raised square or rectangular piece surrounded by moulding finial a decorative feature at the very top of a part of a building foliate decorated with foliage or leaves gallery in a church, an upper balcony with seating that overlooks the nave guttae in the Doric frieze, small projections below the triglyphs hagioscope see squint hammerbeam wooden roof brackets that project from the wall horizintally, in the shape of a hammer herringbone work bricks or tles laid diagonally with alternate courses in the opposing direction, making a zig-zag pattern hogback a rectangular tomb cover with a curved or pitched top hoodmould projecting stone moulding above a door, window etc. designed to protect it by throwing off water impost the moulding on which the end of an arch rests interlace the abstract patterns characteristic of Celtic and Anglo-Saxon decoration jamb the vertical edge of an opening keystone the central, locking stone in an arch made of voussoirs (q.v.) lancet window a tall, pointed window with no tracery lesene a pilaster strip without a base or capital lights the major sub-divisions of the glazed area of a window lintel the beam that bridges the top of an opening long and short work quoins, usually of the Saxon period, with the stones placed with the long side alternately upright then horizontal lucarne a small window in a spire or roof mandorla a pointed vertical almond/oval shape framing the figure of Christ metope in the Doric frieze, the space between the triglyphs mouchette a curved version of the dagger motif in tracery mullion one of the vertical posts that divides a window into 'lights' nailhead a C13 moulding of repeated pyramidal motifs narthex an enclosed vestibule at the main entrance to the church nave the western part of the body of a church, often flanked by aisles niche a tall recess in a wall or buttress, often containing, or intended for, a statue obelisk a tall, four-sided tapering column with a pyramid top oculus a circular window ogee a continuous double curve; an elongated 'S' shape palmette a classical ornament based on the palm shoot patera a flat, round, relief ornament pediment a gable shape in classical architecture, often triangular, though sometimes with a curved top or 'broken' on one edge pier a support whose section is often round, square or octagonal pilaster a rectangular column or pillar strip projecting in relief from a wall pinnacle a finial, usually tapering, often placed on the upper corners of towers, or on the tops of buttresses piscina a bowl or basin with a drain usually set into the wall near the high altar, used for washing the communion or mass vessels pommée cross a cross with circles on the end of each arm porte-cochere a covered entrance to a building into which coaches can be driven pulpit a raised, enclosed plateform used for preaching quadripartite vaulting vaulting divided into four parts by diagonal ribs quatrefoil a 4-lobed shape formed by cusping in tracery quoins blocks, usually of stone, up the corner of a building, often in an alternating pattern, and frequently rusticated reeding a series of convex mouldings reredos a decorative (usually painted or sculpted) screen behind an altar reticulated tracery a net-like pattern of tracery characteristic of the early C14 (Decorated period) rood screen a screen, usually separating nave and chancel, on which is the crucifix (rood) runes an alphabet used by the Anglo-Saxons and Norse people that modified Roman and Greek characters to facilitate carving in stone and wood rusticated masonry cut to appear strong, often by having deeply cut joints or a deliberately roughened stone finish saddleback roof the name given to a pitched roof when it tops a tower sedilia seats built into the south side of the chancel, usually 3, often graded by height and decoration, for the priests segmental (of an arch or pediment) a segment of a semi-circle whose centre is below the springing line shingles thin tiles, usually of wood, used as a roof covering or for cladding walls spandrel the broadly triangular space between the shoulders of an arch and its rectanglular moulding above and at the sides splay an opening wider on one face of the wall than another, often inside to allow more light to enter springing line the point at which an arch 'springs' from its support squint a hole cut through stonework to allow a view of the high altar from a location that could otherwise not see it: also called a hagioscope stoup a vessel for holy water, often of stone, usually near the entrance to a church string course a horizontal band of moulding projecting from a wall tester a horizontal sounding board or canopy above the pulpit, designed to deflect the priest's voice out to the congregation tracery the pattern made by stonework in the top part of a window: such pattern in wood, or on the surface of a wall, etc. transept an extension of a church at right angles to the nave transom a horizontal bar dividing a window trefoil literally '3 leaves': a three lobed shape formed by cusps (q.v.) triglyph in the Doric frieze, a block with vertical grooves Tuscan order a version of the Doric order with unfluted column and plain frieze vesica piscis a vertical pointed oval shape voussoirs the wedge-shaped stones that form the curve of an arch waterleaf a flowing, gently curving leaf-form characteristic of C12 capitals | SearchTyp a word and hit `Search`.
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