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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine More specific: Medical Dictionary County & Date: US, Health and Medicine Words: 200

Arthropoda
(ahr-throp´ә-dә) a phylum of the animal kingdom that includes bilaterally symmetrical animals with hard, segmented bodies bearing jointed appendages; it embraces the largest number of known animals, with at least 740,000 species, divided into 12 classes. It includes the arachnids, crustaceans, and inse...

arthrophyma
(ahr″thro-fi´mә) a joint swelling.

arthrophyte
(ahr´thro-fīt) an abnormal growth in a joint cavity.

arthroplasty
(ahr´thro-plas″te) plastic repair of a joint; called also joint replacement. total hip arthroplasty surgery for a severely damaged hip joint consisting of replacement of the femoral head and acetabulum with prostheses having femoral and acetabular components anchored to the...

arthropathy-camptodactyly syndrome
a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by arthropathy associated with congenital flexion contractures of the fingers and synovial and tendon abnormalities, and by constrictive pericarditis.

arthropathy
(ahr-throp´ә-the) any joint disease. Charcot arthropathy neuropathic arthropathy. chondrocalcific arthropathy progressive polyarthritis with joint swelling and bony enlargement, most commonly in the small joints of the hand but also affecting...

arthrometer
(ahr-throm´ә-tәr) an instrument for measuring the angles of movements of joints.

arthrology
(ahr-throl´ә-je) the scientific study of the joints and ligaments; also applied to the body of knowledge relating thereto.

arthrolysis
(ahr-throl´ә-sis) operative loosening of adhesions in an ankylosed joint.

arthrogryposis
(ahr″thro-grә-po´sis) persistent flexion of a joint. tetanoid spasm.

arthrolith
(ahr´thro-lith) a hard mass (concretion) within a joint.

arthrography
(ahr-throg´rә-fe) radiography of a joint. air arthrography (ahr″thro-grә-po´sis) pneumoarthrography.

arthroendoscopy
(ahr″thro-en-dos´ko-pe) inspection of the interior of a joint with an endoscope.

arthrogram
(ahr´thro-gram) a radiographic record after introduction of opaque contrast material into a joint. a nuclear medicine study used to detect the loosening of a prosthetic device.

arthrodysplasia
(ahr″thro-dis-pla´zhә) any abnormality of joint development.

arthroempyesis
(ahr″thro-em″pi-e´sis) formation of pus within a joint.

arthrodia
(ahr-thro´de-ә) gliding joint. adj., arthro´dial., adj.

arthrodial cartilage
articular cartilage.

arthrodial joint
gliding joint.

arthrodynia
(ahr″thro-din´e-ә) arthralgia.

arthroclasia
(ahr″thro-kla´zhә) surgical breaking down of an ankylosis to permit a joint to move freely.

arthrodesis
(ahr″thro-de´sis) artificial ankylosis; surgical fusion of a joint.

arthrochondritis
(ahr″thro-kon-dri´tis) inflammation of the cartilage of a joint.

arthrocentesis
(ahr″thro-sen-te´sis) surgical puncture of a joint cavity for aspiration of fluid.

arthro-ophthalmopathy
(ahr″thro-of-thәl-mop´ә-the) an association of degenerative joint disease and eye disease.

arthritis defor´mans
severe destruction of joints, seen in disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis.

arthritis mu´tilans
a severe deforming polyarthritis with gross bone and cartilage destruction, usually an atypical variant of rheumatoid arthritis.

arthritic atrophy
wasting of the muscles and bone that surround a joint, due to injury or to constitutional disease.

arthritis
(ahr-thri´tis) pl. arthri´tides inflammation of a joint; there are over 100 different arthritic conditions that cause pain and limitation of movement. The most common types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. adj., arthrit´ic., adj.

artery to tail of pancreas
caudal pancreatic artery.

arthralgia
(ahr-thral´jә) pain in a joint; called also arthrodynia.

arthrectomy
(ahr-threk´tә-me) excision of a joint.

artery of round ligament of uterus
origin, inferior epigastric artery; branches, none; distribution, round ligament of uterus.

artery of tuber cinereum
origin, posterior communicating artery; branches, medial and lateral branches; distribution, tuber cinereum.

artery to sciatic nerve
sciatic artery.

artery of pterygoid canal
origin,maxillary artery; branches, pterygoid; distribution, roof of pharynx, auditory tube. origin,internal carotid artery; branches, none; distribution, pterygoid canal, joining with the artery of the pterygoid canal that branches from the maxillary artery.

artery of precentral sulcus
origin,middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of precentral sulcus.

artery of postcentral sulcus
origin,middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of postcentral sulcus.

artery of ductus deferens
origin, umbilical artery; branches, ureteral artery; distribution, ureter, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes.

artery of central sulcus
origin, superior terminal branch of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of central sulcus.

artery of caudate lobe
either of two branches, one from the right and one from the left branch of the hepatic artery proper, supplying twigs to the caudate lobe of the liver.

artery of bulb of penis
bulbourethral artery.

artery of bulb of vestibule
origin,internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, bulb of vestibule of vagina, greater vestibular glands.

artery of angular gyrus
origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes of the cerebrum.

artery of Adamkiewicz
(ah-dahm-kyĕ´vich) an unusually large anterior segmental medullary artery arising from an intersegmental branch of the aorta, varying from the lower thoracic to the upper lumbar level, and traveling posteriorly to supply the spinal cord by joining with the anterior spinal artery.

arteritis obliterans
(ahr″tә-ri´tis ә-blit´ә-ranz) endarteritis obliterans.

artery
(ahr´tә-re) a vessel through which the blood passes away from the heart to various parts of the body. The wall of an artery consists typically of an outer coat (tunica adventitia), a middle coat (tunica media), and an inner coat (tunica intima). Representation of arterial coa...

arteritis
(ahr″tә-ri´tis) pl. arteri´tides inflammation of an artery.

arteriovenous shunt
a U-shaped plastic tube inserted between an artery and a vein (usually between the radial artery and cephalic vein), bypassing the capillary network, a formerly common means of arteriovenous access.

arteriovenous oxygen difference
the difference in the blood oxygen content between the arterial and venous systems.

arteriovenous fistula
an abnormal passage between an artery and a vein, either pathologic (such as a varicose aneurysm) or surgically created to ensure an access site for hemodialysis (see arteriovenous access). A surgically created fistula may be created by anastomosis of a natural artery and vein, or by using a bovine graft or synthetic polytef graft.

arteriovenous aneurysm
an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein in which the blood flows directly into the vein or can cross through a connecting sac.

arteriovenous
(ahr-tēr″e-o-ve´nәs) both arterial and venous; pertaining to both artery and vein.

arteriovenous anastomosis
a connection or communication between an artery and a vein. Arteriovenous anastomosis. arteriovenous shunt.

arteriostenosis
(ahr-tēr″e-o-stә-no´sis) constriction of an artery.

arteriotomy
(ahr-tēr″e-ot´ә-me) incision of an artery.

arteriospasm
(ahr-tēr´e-o-spaz″әm) spasm of an artery, resulting in a decrease of its caliber.

arteriosclerotic aneurysm
an aneurysm in a large artery, usually the abdominal aorta, as a result of weakening of the wall in severe atherosclerosis; called also atherosclerotic aneurysm.

arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease
(ASCVD) atherosclerotic involvement of arteries to the heart and to additional organs, resulting in debility or death; the term is sometimes used more narrowly as a synonym of ischemic heart disease.

arteriosclerosis
(ahr-tēr″e-o-sklә-ro´sis) any of a group of diseases characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls; symptoms depend on the organ system involved. There are three main types: atherosclerosis (the most common type), Mönckeberg arteriosclerosis, and arteriolosclerosis. Sometimes ...

arteriorrhaphy
(ahr-tēr″e-or´ә-fe) suture of an artery.

arteriorrhexis
(ahr-tēr″e-o-rek´sis) rupture of an artery.

arteriopressor
(ahr-tēr″e-o-pres´әr) increasing arterial blood pressure.

arterioplasty
(ahr-tēr´e-o-plas″te) surgical repair or reconstruction of an artery.

arteriopathy
(ahr-tēr″e-op´ә-the) any disease of an artery. hypertensive arteriopathy widespread involvement of the smaller arteries and arterioles, associated with hypertension and characterized primarily by hypertrophy of the tunica media.

arteriomotor
(ahr-tēr″e-o-mo´tәr) involving or causing dilation or constriction of arteries.

arteriolonecrosis
(ahr-tēr″e-o″lo-nә-kro´sis) necrosis or destruction of arterioles.

arteriolosclerosis
(ahr-tēr″e-o″lo-sklә-ro´sis) hardening and thickening of the walls of arterioles. adj., arteriolosclerot´ic., adj. hyaline arteriolosclerosis a variety with homogeneous pink hyaline thickening of vessel walls, associated with benign nephrosclerosis. ...

arteriology
(ahr-tēr″e-ol´ә-je) the anatomy or study of arteries and the arterial system.

arteriolith
(ahr-tēr´e-o-lith″) hard, chalky mass (concretion) in an artery.

arteriolitis
(ahr-tēr″e-o-li´tis) inflammation of arterioles.

arteriolar sclerosis
arteriolosclerosis.

arteriole
(ahr-tēr´e-ōl) a minute arterial branch. adj., arterio´lar., adj.

arteriohepatic dysplasia
Alagille syndrome.

arteriola
(ahr-tēr″e-o´lә) pl. arterio´lae Latin word meaning arteriole. arteriolae rectae renis vasa recta.

arteries of kidney
intrarenal arteries.

arteriogram
(ahr-tēr´e-o-gram) a radiograph of an artery.

arteriography
(ahr″tēr-e-og´rә-fe) angiography of an artery or arterial system. catheter arteriography radiography of vessels after introduction of contrast material through a catheter inserted into an artery. coronary arteriography angiography of the co...

arteriectasis
(ahr-tēr″e-ek´tә-sis) dilatation of an artery.

arteriectomy
(ahr-tēr″e-ek´tә-me) excision of an artery.

arterial tension
arterial blood pressure.

arterial sulci
grooves on the internal surfaces of the cranial bones for the meningeal arteries.

arterial switch procedure
a method for correction of transposition of the great arteries, in which both coronary arteries are transposed to the posterior artery, and the aorta and pulmonary arteries are cut, their positions reversed, and reattached in their new positions.

arterial rete
arterial network.

arterial pressure
arterial blood pressure.

arterial murmur
one in an artery, sometimes aneurysmal and sometimes constricted.

arterial line
a monitoring system that uses an artery for access and consists of a catheter in the artery, pressure tubing, a transducer, and an electronic monitoring device. The most common uses of arterial lines are for monitoring of systemic blood pressure and obtaining arterial blood for analysis.

arterial blood pressure
the blood pressure in an artery; often when the term “blood pressure” is used (as in the term high blood pressure), reference is only to the arterial blood pressure.

arterial catheter
one inserted into an artery as part of a catheter-transducer-monitor system to continuously observe the blood pressure of a critically ill patient; this type of catheter may also be inserted for x-ray studies of the arterial system or delivery of chemotherapeutic agents directly into the arterial supply of a malignant tumor.

arterial
(ahr-tēr´e-әl) pertaining to an artery or to the arteries.

arterial aneurysm
aneurysm in the wall of an artery; the chief signs are formation of a pulsating tumor, with a bruit (aneurysmal bruit) heard over the swelling, and sometimes symptoms from pressure on adjacent parts.

arteria
(ahr-tēr´e-ә) pl. arte´riae Latin word meaning artery. arteria luso´ria an artery (usually the subclavian artery) that is in an abnormal position behind the esophagus. It may cause symptoms by compressing the esophagus, the trachea, or a nerve.

artefact
(ahr´tә-fakt) artifact.

Artane
(ahr´tān) trademark for preparations of trihexylphenidyl hydrochloride, an antidyskinetic.

art therapy
the use of art media and images, the creative process, and patient response to the products created for the treatment of psychiatric and psychologic conditions, often as an adjunct to psychotherapy, and for rehabilitation.

arsenism
(ahr´sә-niz″әm) chronic arsenic poisoning.

arsine
(ahr´sēn) any of several colorless, volatile arsenical bases that are highly toxic and carcinogenic; the most common one is AsH3, arsenous hydride. Some of their compounds have been used in warfare, and a major industrial use is in the production of microelectronic components. Inhalation leads to massive red blood ...

arsenicosis
(ahr-sen″ĭ-ko´sis) chronic arsenic poisoning.

arsenical
(ahr-sen´ĭ-kәl) pertaining to arsenic. a compound containing arsenic; arsenicals were once widely used in medicine, but have now mostly been replaced by antibiotics. However, some are still used to treat infectious diseases, especially those caused by protozoa, as well as skin disorders and bloo...

arsenic poisoning
poisoning due to systemic exposure to inorganic pentavalent arsenic. Arsenic is cumulative, storing permanently in hair, nails, and bone, and children are particularly susceptible. It is odorless and flavorless and has been found in elevated levels in the drinking water that flows through arsenic-rich rocks, leading to se...

ARRT
American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.

arsenic
(As) (ahr-sen´ik) a chemical element, atomic number 33, atomic weight 74.92. It is toxic by inhalation or ingestion, and carcinogenic (see arsenic poisoning). In nature it occurs usually as one of its salts; in human environments it is often a pollutant in mining regions, and is used in dyes, hous...

Arroyo sign
asthenocoria.

arrhythmogenic
(ә-rith″mo-jen´ik) producing or promoting arrhythmia.

arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
a congenital cardiomyopathy in which transmural infiltration of adipose tissue results in weakness and aneurysmal bulging of the infundibulum, apex, and posterior basilar region of the right ventricle and leads to ventricular tachycardia arising in the right ventricle.

arrhinia
(ә-rin´e-ә) arhinia.

arrhythmia
(ә-rith´me-ә) variation from the normal rhythm, especially of the heartbeat; see also dysrhythmia. adj., arrhyth´mic., adj. sinus arrhythmia the physiologic cyclic variation in heart rate, originating in the sinoatrial node and related to vagal impulses to the node; ...

arrhenoblastoma
(ә-re″no-blas-to´mә) a rare ovarian tumor that secretes male hormones and causes virilization.

arrest
(ә-rest´) sudden cessation or stoppage. epiphyseal arrest premature arrest of the longitudinal growth of bone due to fusion of the epiphysis and diaphysis. maturation arrest interruption of the process of development, as of blood cells, before the fin...

arrector pili muscle
a type of tiny smooth muscle of the skin whose contraction causes the hair to stand erect with cutis anserina (goose flesh). origin, dermis; insertion, a hair follicle; innervation, sympathetic; action, elevate hair of skin.

arrector
(ә-rek´tәr) pl. arrecto´res raising, or that which raises; an erector muscle.

aromatic castor oil
a mixture of castor oil and suitable flavoring agents, containing at least 95 per cent castor oil; used as a cathartic.

ARPKD
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

aromatic
(ar″o-mat´ik) having a spicy fragrance. denoting a compound containing a ring system stabilized by a closed circle of conjugated double bonds or nonbonding electron pairs, such as benzene or naphthalene.

aromatherapy
(ә-ro´mә-ther″ә-pe) the therapeutic use of essential oils extracted from plants by steam distillation or expression; they may be used by inhalation, introduced internally (orally, rectally, or intravaginally), or applied topically by means of compresses, baths, or massage.

aromatase inhibitors
a class of drugs that inhibit aromatase activity and thus block production of estrogens; used to treat breast cancer and endometriosis.

aromatase
(ә-ro´mә-tās) an enzyme activity occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzing the conversion of testosterone to the aromatic compound estradiol.

Arnold-Chiari deformity
(ahr´nәld ke-ah´re) Arnold-Chiari malformation (ahr´nәld ke-ah´re) Arnold-Chiari syndrome a condition in which the cerebellum and medulla oblongata protrude down into the spinal canal through the foramen magnum. It is present at birth and is almost always accompanied by meningomyelocele and hydrocep...

Arnold nerve reflex cough syndrome
(ahr´nәld) a reflex cough due to irritation of the area supplied by Arnold nerve (the auricular branch of the vagus nerve); this area is the posterior and inferior portion of the external auditory canal and the posterior half of the tympanic membrane.

Arnold canal
(ahr´nәld) a channel in the petrous portion of the temporal bone for passage of the vagus nerve.

Armstrong disease
(ahrm´strong) lymphocytic choriomeningitis.

ARMD
age-related macular degeneration.

armed tapeworm
Taenia solium.

armpit
(ahrm´pit) the externally visible part of the axilla.

Armanni-Ebstein cells
vacuolated epithelial cells in the proximal straight tubules of the kidney, containing deposits of glycogen. See also Armanni-Ebstein lesion.

Armanni-Ebstein lesion
vacuolization of epithelial cells in the proximal straight tubules of the kidneys due to glycogen deposition, seen in untreated diabetes mellitus.

armamentarium
(ahr″mә-men-tar´e-әm) the entire equipment of a practitioner, such as medicines, instruments, and books.

arm ergometry exercise test
a variant of the bicycle ergometer exercise test in which the patient uses the arms to pedal the bicycle.

arm phenomenon
Pool phenomenon (def. 2).

arm
(ahrm) the part of the upper limb from the shoulder to the elbow; called also brachium. in common usage, the entire upper limb. a slender part or extension that projects from a main structure. chromosome arm either of the two segments of the chromosome separate...

Aries-Pitanguy mammaplasty
Aries-Pitanguy operation a type of reduction mammaplasty to reduce mild to moderate largeness of the breasts.

Aristocort
(ә-ris´to-cort) trademark for preparations of triamcinolone, a prednisolone derivative that is a steroid antiinflammatory agent.

ariboflavinosis
(a-ri″bo-fla″vĭ-no´sis) deficiency of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in the diet; symptoms include lesions around the mouth and elsewhere on the face, malaise, weakness, and weight loss; in severe cases, persons may suffer from anemia, corneal or other eye changes, and seborrheic dermatitis. It is most common ...

Arias-Stella reaction
(ahr´yahs-sta´yә) nuclear and cellular hypertrophy of the endometrial epithelium associated with ectopic pregnancy.

Arias-Stella cells
(ahr´yahs-sta´yә) columnar cells in the endometrium of the uterus that have a hyperchromatic enlarged nucleus; they appear to be associated with chorionic tissue in an intrauterine or extrauterine site.

argyrosis
(ahr″jә-ro´sis) argyria.

arhinia
(ә-rin´e-ә) congenital absence of the nose. Spelled also arrhinia.

argyrophilic cells
enterochromaffin cells that require exposure to a reducing substance before their granules will react with silver; they are located in the fundic and pyloric glands in the walls of the stomach. See also argentaffin cells.

argyrism
(ahr´jә-riz-әm) argyria.

argyrophil
(ahr´jә-ro-fil) (ahr-ji´ro-fil) easily impregnated with silver; said of cells or tissues that bind with silver salts, which can then be reduced to produce a brown or black stain.

argyric
(ahr-jir´ik) pertaining to silver.

Argyll Robertson pupil sign
Argyll Robertson pupil.

argyria
(ahr-jir´e-ә) poisoning by silver or its salts, usually from either industrial or medicinal exposure. Chronic argyria is marked by a permanent ash gray discoloration of the skin, conjunctivae, and internal organs, and there is usually a slate blue “silver line” on the gingival margin.

Argyll Robertson pupil
one that is miotic and responds to accommodation effort, but not to light.

argon
(Ar) (ahr´gon) a chemical element, atomic number 18, atomic weight 39.948.

argon laser
a laser with ionized argon as the active medium and with a beam in the blue and green visible light spectrum; used for photocoagulation.

argininosuccinic acid
(ahr″jĭ-ne″no-suk-sin´ik) a compound normally formed in urea formation in the liver, but not normally present in urine.

argipressin
(ahr″jĭ-pres´in) arginine vasopressin.

argininosuccinicaciduria
(ahr″jĭ-ne″no-suk-sin″ik-as″ĭ-du´re-ә) excretion in the urine of argininosuccinic acid, a feature of an inborn error of metabolism marked also by mental retardation.

arginase
(ahr´jĭ-nās) an enzyme of the liver that splits arginine into urea and ornithine.

arginine
(Arg) (R) (ahr´jĭ-nēn) a nonessential amino acid that occurs in proteins and is involved in the urea cycle and in the synthesis of creatine. Preparations of the base or the glutamate or hydrochloride salt are used in the treatment of hyperammonemia and in the assessment of pituit...

Argentine hemorrhagic fever virus
Junin virus.

Argentine hemorrhagic fever
Argentinian hemorrhagic fever a hemorrhagic fever primarily affecting agricultural workers in northern Argentina, caused by the Junin virus and transmitted by contact with the excreta of infected rodents, especially of the genus Calomys. Characteristics include high fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, generalized myalgia, hemorrhagic...

argentaffinoma syndrome
the most common type of carcinoid syndrome, in which the tumor arises from the argentaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract.

argentaffinoma
(ahr″jәn-taf″ĭ-no´mә) a carcinoid tumor of the gastrointestinal tract formed from argentaffin cells, usually in the terminal ileum or appendix. Such tumors elaborate a variety of catecholamines that produce the symptom complex called carcinoid syndrome.

argentaffin cells
a type of enterochromaffin cells containing cytoplasmic granules that stain with silver, and secreting serotonin. They are located in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the glands in the walls of the stomach and in the crypts of Lieberkühn in the walls of the intestines.

argentaffin
(ahr-jen´tә-fin) staining readily with silver salts; see also argentaffin cells.

argemone oil
an oil, derived from the seeds of the prickly poppy (Argemone mexicana), that contains a toxin that causes epidemic dropsy. In some parts of the world, it sometimes occurs as a contaminant of cooking oil.

argatroban
(ahr-gat´ro-ban″) an anticoagulant that binds to the thrombin active site and inhibits various thrombin-catalyzed reactions; used in the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombocytopenia resulting from treatment with heparin, administered intravenously.

Argas
(ahr´gәs) a genus of ticks parasitic in poultry, other birds, and sometimes humans.

Argasidae
(ahr-gas´ĭ-de) a family of arthropods, the soft ticks.

areolar glands
Montgomery glands.

areolar tissue
connective tissue made up largely of interlacing fibers.

areolar
(ә-re´o-lәr) containing minute spaces. pertaining to an areola.

areolar central choroiditis
areolar choroiditis a type that starts around or near the macula lutea and progresses toward the periphery. Unlike in other types, lesions in this type first are pigmented but then lose their pigmentation. Called also Förster choroiditis or disease.

areola
(ә-re´o-lә) pl. are´olae a narrow zone surrounding a central area, such as the darkened area surrounding the nipple of the mammary gland. any minute space or interstice in a tissue.

arenavirus
(ә-re´nә-vi″rәs) any virus of the family Arenaviridae.

Arenavirus
(ә-re´nә-vi″rәs) the single genus of the family Arenaviridae, including several that cause hemorrhagic fevers and the viruses of the Tacaribe complex. The natural hosts are rodents.

Arenaviridae
the arenaviruses, a family of RNA viruses containing just one genus, Arenavirus.

areflexia
(a″re-flek´se-ә) absence of the reflexes. detrusor areflexia absence of contractions of the detrusor muscles of the urinary bladder.

aregenerative anemia
an anemia characterized by bone marrow failure, so that functional marrow cells are regenerated slowly or not at all; the term has been used to denote specific disorders with this characteristic, including aplastic anemia and pure red cell anemia.

area subcallosa
(ār´e-ә sәb-kә-lo´sә) Broca parolfactory area.

ARDS
adult respiratory distress syndrome.

area
(ār´e-ә) pl. a´reae, areas a limited space or plane surface.

arcus juvenilis
(ahr´kәs joo-vә-ni´lis) arcus corneae in young persons.

arcus senilis
(ahr´kәs se-ni´lis) arcus corneae in the elderly.

ardeparin
(ahr-de-par´in) a low molecular weight heparin administered subcutaneously as the sodium salt as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic for prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism after knee replacement surgery.

arcus corneae
(ahr´kәs kor´ne-e) an abnormal white or gray opaque ring at the outer edge of the cornea. Sometimes it is present at birth or appears in childhood and is called arcus juvenilis). It is particularly common in people over 50 years old and is then given the name arcus senilis. It results from deposits of cholesterol in the...

arcuation
(ahr-ku-a´shәn) a bending or curvature.

arcus
(ahr´kәs) Latin word meaning arch, or bow.

arcus adiposus
(ahr´kәs ad-ĭ-po´sәs) arcus corneae.

arcuate veins of kidney
a series of complete arches across the bases of the renal pyramids; they are formed by union of the interlobular veins and the straight venules and drain into the interlobar veins.

arcuate scotoma
an arc-shaped defect of vision arising in an area near the blind spot and extending toward it.

arcuate nuclei of medulla oblongata
small irregular areas of gray matter on the ventromedial aspect of the pyramids of the medulla oblongata.

arcuate fibers
any of the bow-shaped fibers in the brain, such as those connecting adjacent gyri in the cerebral cortex, or the external or internal arcuate fibers of the medulla oblongata.

arcuate ligaments
the arched ligaments that connect the diaphragm with the lowest ribs and the first lumbar vertebra.

arcuate artery of foot
origin, dorsalis pedis artery; branches, deep plantar branch and dorsal metatarsal arteries; distribution, foot, toes.

arcuate arteries of uterus
branches of the uterine artery that run circumferentially in the uterine wall as anterior and posterior groups, anastomosing across the midline both anteriorly and posteriorly, and giving rise to radial arteries that supply deeper layers.

arcuate arteries of kidney
origin, interlobar artery; branches, interlobular artery and straight arterioles; distribution, parenchyma of kidney.

arctation
(ahrk-ta´shәn) stenosis.

Arctic anemia
polar anemia.

arcuate
(ahr´ku-āt) bent like a bow.

archipallium
(ahr″kĭ-pal´e-әm) archicortex.

arciform
(ahr´sĭ-form) arcuate.

archinephron
(ahr″kĭ-nef´ron) a unit of the pronephros.

archicortex
(ahr″kĭ-kor´teks) that portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the paleocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. Called also archeocortex and archipallium.

archetype
(ahr´kә-tīp) in Jung's analytic psychology, a structural component of the collective unconcious, which is an inherited idea derived from the life experience of all of the members of the race and contained in the individual unconscious. The archetypes are the ideas, modes of thought, and patterns of reac...

arches of foot
the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot. The longitudinal arch comprises the medial arch or pars medialis, formed by the calcaneus, talus, and the navicular, cuneiform, and the first three tarsal bones; and the lateral arch or pars lateralis, formed by the calcaneus, the cuboid bone, and the lateral two metatarsal bones. T...

archeocerebellum
(ahr″ke-o-ser″ә-bel´әm) the phylogenetically old part of the cerebellum.

archeocortex
(ahr″ke-o-kor´teks) archicortex.

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