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Romans in Britain - Glossary of military terms Category: History and Culture > Romans Date & country: 12/12/2007, UK Words: 983

Gorytos
Quiver.

Gradus
A - marching pace. B - military rank.

Gradus deiectio
Reduction in military rank.

Gradus militaris
Measured military marching pace.

Gradus plenus
Full step. more relaxed step better suited for marching.

Gravis armatura
Heavy armed.

Gregalis
Private. common soldier.

Gregarius
Private. ranker.

Groma
Surveying instrument.

Grosphomachos
Javelineer. legionary skirmisher.

Grosphos
Javelin.

Gubernator
Helmsman.

Halysidootos
Mail coat.

Harpago
Harpoon.

Hasta
Spear.

Hasta amentata
Thonged javelin.

Hasta pura
Spear without iron tip used as a military decoration.

Hasta velitaris
Light throwing spear with soft iron tip.

Hastarius
Spearman.

Hastatus
'Spearman'. legionary heavy infantryman.

Hastatus posterior
Deputy to hastatus prior.

Hastatus prior
Centurion commanding a manipulus of hastati .

Hastile
A - wooden practice spear. B - staff of the optio centuriae .

Hastiliarius
Weapons instructor.

Hastula
Small spear.

Hègemoon
Commander.

Hekatontarchès
'Commander of hundred'. Greek term for centurio .

Hekatontarchès lonchophoroon
'Centurion of the spearmen'. commander of elite legionary lonchophoroi or lancearii .

Hekatontarchia
'Unit of hundred'. Greek term for centuria .

Helepolis
Siege tower.

Hemistrigium
Barracks buiding housing a centuria .

Herculiani
'Hercules's own'. tetrarchic elite legion.

Hiberna
Winter quarters.

Hippago
Horse transport.

Hipparchos
Cavalry commander.

Hippeus
Cavalryman.

Hippeus lègionarios
Legionary cavalryman.

Hippeus singoularis
Guard cavalryman.

Hippeus tès legioonos
Legionary horseman.

Hippika gymnasia
'Cavalry sports'. spectacular demonstration manoeuvres in which two teams of cavalrymen showed off their horsemanship and weapons skills.

Hippikon
Cavalry.

Hippotoxotès
Horse archer.

Hodopoios
Pioneer. road-surveyor.

Holosidèros
Heavily armoured soldier. Greek term for cataphractus or clibanarius .

Honesta missio
Honourable discharge.

Honesta missio ex causa
Honourable discharge granted to wounded or sick soldiers.

Hoplitès
Heavy armed soldier.

Hoplitikon
The heavy armed. Greek equivalent of gravis armatura .

Hoplomachia
Weapons training.

Hoplon
Weapon.

Horrea
Granaries.

Hospitalitas
'Hospitality'. quartering and provisioning arrangements.

Hospitium
Forced billeting.

Hostis
Enemy.

Hyparchos
Officer.

Hypaspistès
Guard soldier.

Hypèretès
Staff officer.

Hyssos
Spear. Greek equivalent for pilum .

Iaculator
'Spear thrower'. light legionary foot soldier.

Iaculum
Missile. javelin.

Ignominiosa missio
Dishonourable discharge.

Ilarchès
'Wing commander'. cavalry officer.

Ilè
'Wing'. military unit.

Imaginifer
Standardbearer carrying a likeness of the emperor.

Imago
Standard with the emperor's portrait.

Immounos
Soldier exempte…'

Paludamentum
Officers' cloak.

Palus
Stake used as target for weapons training.

Panis militaris
Military bread.

Panoplia
Armour.

Papilio
'Butterfly'. tent.

Parazonium
Sword carried by senior officers.

Parma
Usually round buckler.

Parma equestris
Cavalry shield.

Parmè
Usually round buckler.

Parmula
Small round shield.

Pectorale
Body armour.

Pecuarius
Soldier attending to live stock.

Pedatura
Infantry.

Pedes
Foot soldier.

Pedes singularis
Auxiliary infantry guardsman.

Peditatus
Infantry.

Pelekophoros
Axeman.

Pelekus
Battle-axe or war hammer.

Pellis
Animal skin.

Peltastès
Skirmisher equipped with light shield.

Peltè
Light shield.

Pentèrès
Quinquereme. galley with five oarsmen on either two or three levels.

Peregrinus
A - freeborn provincial without Roman citizenship. B - soldier attached to castra peregrina .

Perfuga
Turncoat.

Perikephalaios
Helmet.

Pes
Foot. length unit of either 294 mm or 332 mm.

Petitor
Equstrian requesting military posting.

Pezakontistès
Infantry javelineer.

Pezos
Infantryman.

Phalangarius
Foot soldier trained in Macedonian phalanx tactics.

Phalangitès
Infantry man in phalanx .

Phalanx
A - close formation of heavy armed infantry equipped with spears and round shields. B - battle line. C - legion.

Phalarica
Spear.

Phalera
Decorative disc.