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Collins, Michael (1964) Irish-born US writer whose novel The Keepers of Truth (2000) was shortlisted for the 2000 Booker Prize. A novelist and short-story writer, Collins has published six books and had his works... Collins, Michael (1890-1922) Irish nationalist. He was a Collins, Pauline (1940) English stage and screen actor. She rose to international attention in 1988 as the middle-aged heroine on the road to self-discovery in the comedy Shirley Valentine, a role she... Collins, Tom Pseudonym of Joseph Collins, William (1721-1759) English poet. His Persian Eclogues four short effusions in heroic couplets published anonymously in 1742, were followed in 1746 by his Odes on Several Descriptive and Allegorical Subjects, 12 lyric... Collodi, Carlo (1826-1890) Italian journalist and writer. In 1881-83 he wrote Le avventure di Pinocchio/The Adventures of Collor de Mello, Fernando Affonso (1949) Brazilian politician, president 1990-92. He founded the right-wing Partido de Reconstrução Nacional (PRN; National Reconstruction Party) in 1989. As its candidate, he won the first... Collot d'Herbois, Jean Marie (1750-1796) French revolutionary. He became a Colman, Benjamin (1673-1747) American clergyman. He was pastor of the Brattle Street Church, Boston, which had been organized on more liberal principles than those of the city's three established churches. A Protest ... Colman, George (1732-1794) English dramatist and theatre manager. He wrote a great number of plays, including The Jealous Wife (1761) and (in collaboration with David ... Colman, Samuel, Jr (1832-1920) US painter. Based in Newport, Rhode Island, he painted Hudson River views as well as western landscapes, such as Ships of the Plains (1872). He was born in Portland, Maine. He studied with Asher B... Colman, St (c.605-676) Irish monk. He was a monk on the island of Iona and became Bishop of Lindisfarne in 661, succeeding St Colocci, Angelo (1474-1547) Italian cleric, poet, and humanist. One of the leading figures in the development of humanism in Rome, he combined an interest in Greek and Roman literature with a lively involvement in vernacular... Colombe, Michel (c. 1430-c. 1515) French sculptor. He is remembered chiefly for two major sculptures, both showing a blend of Gothic and Italian Renaissance styles. The first is the tomb of Francis II of Brittany and Marguerite de... Colombia Country in South America, bounded north by the Caribbean Sea, west by the Pacific Ocean, northwestern corner by Panama, east and northeast by Venezuela, southeast by Brazil,... Colombo Plan Plan for cooperative economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific, established 1950. The 26 member countries are Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Canada, Fiji... Colombo, Joe Cesare (1930-1971) Italian industrial designer. He was a member of the post-war generation of designers who created a sophisticated, sculptural style for banal industrial goods. He is best known for his plastic... Colombo, Matteo Realdo (c. 1516-1559)... colonia Roman term for a settlement of Roman citizens. It consisted of a city and its dependent territory and often grew up around a legionary fortress, where retired soldiers might be granted plots of land... colonial preference Programme of tariff reform within the British Empire, also known as colonial trusteeship Idea that colonies were held by the colonial power in trust for the indigenous population. This became an important and widely accepted principle of colonial policy in Britain in the 19th century.... colonialism Another name for colonies, Greek Overseas territories of the ancient Greek city-states. Greek colonization was mostly concerned with land, not trade. Greek cities on the west coast of modern Turkey may have been founded... colonies, Roman Territories of the Roman empire. The earliest Roman citizen settlements guarded the local coast ( Colonna Old and illustrious Italian family that produced popes, cardinals, princes, and generals, and belonged to the Ghibelline party (see ... Colonna, Francesco (c. 1433-c. 1527) Italian writer. He wrote a mysterious allegorical romance, Hypernotomachia Poliphili, which would probably have been forgotten but for the sumptuous illustrated edition published in... Colonna, Pompeo (c. 1479-1532) Italian cardinal, member of the illustrious Colonna family. As bishop of Rieti, he incited the people to revolt against Pope Julius II and was removed from office, but he was pardoned by Pope Leo X... Colonna, Prospero (1452-1523) Italian condottiere and member of the famous Colonna family. He offered to help Charles VIII of France when he invaded Italy 1494-95 and later entered the service of the pope. Among his many... Colonna, Vittoria (c. 1492-1547) Italian noblewoman and poetess. Many of her Petrarchan sonnets idealize her husband, the marquis of Pescara, who was killed at the Battle of Pavia in 1525. She was a friend of the artist... colonnade Row of columns supporting arches or an entablature. ... Colonus Ancient village of Attica, Greece, now an area in central Athens. The ancient Greek dramatist colony Country under the control of immigrants who remain subject to the jurisdiction of the parent state. Historically, the acquisition of colonies occurred for a variety of reasons. In general, rivalry... colophon Decorative device on the title page or spine of a book, the trademark or logo of the individual publisher. Originally a colophon was an inscription on the last page of a book giving the writer or... Colosseum Amphitheatre in ancient Rome, begun by the emperor Vespasian to replace the one destroyed by fire during the reign of Nero, and completed by his son Titus in AD 80. It was 187 m/615 ft long and 49... Colossians Epistle in the New Testament addressed to the church at Colossae; it is attributed to St Paul. ... Colossus of Rhodes Bronze statue of Apollo erected at the entrance to the harbour at Rhodes between 292 BC and 280 BC. Said to have been about 30 m/100 ft high, it was counted as one of the colour In art, one of the most powerful of the visual or formal art elements, and a property of light. Specifically, colour is the quality or wavelength of light emitted or reflected from an object.... colour symbolism In the iconography of many faiths, the significance of certain colours which are used to represent certain deities, passions, or ideas. In Taoism, white symbolizes death, while in most Christian... colour wash In painting, a thin, translucent layer of colour, usually in watercolour or India ink. The technique of colour washing is often used to provide a background to a picture, and is applied quickly... colour-field painting Movement in 20th-century US art, and a major current of Flags or standards carried by military regiments, so called because of the various combinations of colours employed to distinguish one country or one regiment from another. In the UK each battalion... Colquhoun, Ithell (1906-1988) English artist and poet. Associated with the English surrealists, her work dealt with mythological and biblical subjects prior to 1930, but she turned to... Colter, John (c. 1775-1813) US trapper and explorer. He served on the Lewis and Clark expedition 1804-06, and then explored the Yellowstone area alone. He was born in or near Staunton, Virginia. He was wounded in an Indian... Colum Cille, St See St Colum, Padraic (1881-1972) Irish poet and dramatist. Born in Longford, he was educated at University College, Dublin, and in 1914 emigrated to the USA, where he lived in Connecticut for most of his life. Colum was associated... Columba, St (521-597) Irish Christian abbot, missionary to Scotland. He was born in County Donegal of royal descent, and founded monasteries and churches in Ireland. In 563 he s ... Columban, St (543-615) Irish Christian abbot. He was born in Leinster, studied at Bangor, and in about 585 went to the Vosges, France, with 12 other monks and founded the monastery of Luxeuil. Later, he preached in... columbarium In medieval churches, the baldachin (canopy over an altar) beneath which was suspended the hanging pyx (container for sacramental wafers). The latter was frequently in the form of a dove. ... columbarium Roman sepulchral chamber. Columbaria were so called because they resembled large dovecotes. They were usually rectangular structures built around open courtyards and lined with niches in which urns... Columbine Character in the Columbus, Christopher (1451-1506) Italian navigator and explorer who made four voyages to the New World: in 1492 to San Salvador Island, Cuba, and Haiti; from 1493 to 1496 to Guadaloupe, Montserrat, Antigua, Puerto Rico, and... Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus (lived 1st century AD) Latin writer. Columella was born in Gades (Cádiz) in Spain. Two of his works survive:De re rustica/On Country Matters, a treatise on agriculture which influenced many subsequent writers in this... column In architecture, a structure, round or polygonal in plan, erected vertically as a support for some part of a building. Cretan paintings reveal the existence of wooden columns... Columna Rostrata Triumphal pillar in the Colville Member of a confederation of 12 American Indian peoples who settled on the Colville Indian Reservation in north-central Washington from 1872. They include descendants of the Colville, Methow,... Colville, Alex (1920) Canadian painter. A prominent realist artist, his style has affinities with that of Andrew Comanche Member of a nomadic American Indian people who roamed parts of Kansas, Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, and Mexico from the 1700s. They are an offshoot of the Combe, William (1741-1823) English poet. He contributed doggerel verses to accompany a series of Thomas Combination Acts Laws passed in Britain in 1799 and 1800 making trade unionism illegal. They were introduced after the French Revolution for fear that the combined operations In World War II, operations in which all three services - army, navy, and air forces - were involved, notably amphibious landings. The first Chief of Combined Operations was Admiral Sir Roger... Combs, Bert(ram) Thomas (1911-1991) US Democratic governor. A lawyer, he served on General MacArthur's staff 1942-46, prosecuting Japanese war criminals. As governor of Kentucky 1959-63, he instituted a merit system for state... Comecon Economic organization from 1949 to 1991, linking the USSR with Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, East Germany (1950-90), Mongolia (from 1962), Cuba (from 1972), and Vietnam (from... comedia Spanish name for a play, either tragedy or comedy, in the 17th century (the golden age of Spanish theatre). Contemporary writers divided comedias into two main types. Comedias de ruido ( ... Comédie Française French national theatre (for both comedy and tragedy) in Paris, founded in 1680 by Louis XIV. Its base is the Salle Richelieu on the right bank of the River Seine, and... comedy Literary genre that aims to make its audience laugh. comedy of humours Dramatic genre inspired by the theory of humours. Each character is the embodiment of a `humour` and what it represents, such as melancholy or anger. The most famous example of a comedy of... comedy of ideas Dramatic genre that combines comedy with political, philosophical, and controversial attitudes. The aim is to make an impact upon the audience's social conscience as well as upon their emotions. The... comedy of manners Dramatic genre that is generally a Comet British cruiser tank, equipped with the Christie large wheel suspension and carried a 77 mm gun. It was first used March 1945 after the British had crossed the Rhine and remained in service for many... Comgall, St (515-602) Irish abbot. Born in Ulster, he founded the great Abbey of Bangor, in County Down, in around 558. St Comgall is reputed to have lived on the Hebridean island of Tiree for a time, and accompanied St... comic book Publication in strip-cartoon form. Comic books are usually aimed at children, although in Japan, Latin America, and Europe millions of adults read them. Artistically sophisticated adult comics and... comic relief In literature and the media, a common device employed in serious texts to relieve tension, and sometimes to provide antithesis or irony as a comment on more serious action. One that provides all... comic strip Sequence of several frames of drawings in Comines, Philippe de (c. 1445-1511) French diplomat in the service of Charles the Bold, Louis XI, and Charles VIII; author of Mémoires (1489-98). ... Cominform Organization 1947-56 established by Soviet politician Andrei Zhdanov (1896-1948) to exchange information between European communist parties. The Cominform was a revival of the Communist... Comintern Acronym for Communist comitia In ancient Rome, any of various assemblies of the people, which could meet only when summoned by a magistrate. The earliest citizen assembly was the comitia curiata, which later survived only for... Commagene Hellenistic kingdom in northern Syria. It was created 162 BC when Ptolemy broke away from the Seleucid kingdom. In spite of Roman presence in the region, it remained an independent kingdom until AD... Commager, Henry Steele (1902-1998) US historian. His Documents of American History (1934) marked the beginning of the editing and publishing of anthologies of source materials of the Americ ... command economy Economy planned and directed by government, where resources are allocated to factories by the state through central planning. This system is unresponsive to the needs and whims of consumers and to... commando Member of a specially trained, highly mobile military unit. The term originated in South Africa in the 19th century, where it referred to Boer military reprisal raids against Africans and, in the... commedia Tale or romance with a happy ending; the term is used in Italian literature. Unlike the term `comedy` in English literature, it applies not only to drama (see commedia dell'arte Popular form of Italian improvised comic drama in the 16th and 17th centuries, performed by trained troupes of actors and involving stock characters and situati ... commemoration In the commentary Description or evaluation of an event or piece of work. In literary terms, a commentary can range from being a series of explanatory notes on a whole work (sometimes as notes alongside the text, but... Commerce, Department of US government department established in its present form in 1913 after being part of the Department of Commerce and Labor. Its duties include the collection of economic statistics, issuing patents... commercial bank Bank that offers services to personal and corporate customers, such as current and deposit accounts as well as loans and overdrafts (unlike savings banks or merchant banks). They offer a range of... commissary Representative of another. An ecclesiastical commissary is the deputy of a bishop, by whom the jurisdiction of the latter is exercised in distant parts of the diocese. A military commissary is an... commissioner for oaths In English law, a person appointed by the Lord Chancellor with power to administer oaths or take affidavits. All practising solicitors have these powers but must not use them in proceedings in which... committal proceedings In the UK, a preliminary hearing in a magistrate's court to decide whether there is a case to answer before a higher court. The media may only report limited facts about committal proceedings, such... Committee of Imperial Defence Informal group established 1902 to coordinate planning of the British Empire's defence forces. Initially meeting on a temporary basis, it was established permanently 1904. Members were usually... Committee of Public Safety In the Committee on the Safety of Medicines UK body that approves new drugs and issues safety regulations for the use of drugs already on the market. Its 22 members are appointed by the government and its deliberations are secret. In 1995, 15... commodity Something produced for sale. Commodities may be consumer goods, such as radios, or producer goods, such as copper bars. Commodity markets deal in raw or semi-raw materials that are amenable to... Commodus, Lucius Aelius Aurelius (AD 161-192) Roman emperor from 177 (jointly with his father), sole emperor from 180, son of Marcus Aurelius. He was a tyrant, spending lavishly on gladiatorial combats, confiscating the property of the wealthy,... Common Agricultural Policy System of financial support for farmers in common land Unenclosed wasteland, forest, and pasture used in common by the community at large. Poor people have throughout history gathered fruit, nuts, wood, reeds, roots, game, and so on from common land; in... common law That part of the English law not embodied in legislation. It consists of rules of law based on common custom and usage and on judicial (court) decisions. English common law became the basis of law... Common Life, Brothers and Sisters of the Followers of the Christian mystic Gerard Groote (1340-1384), a widely travelled Carthusian monk based in Holland. The Brethren of the Common Life were a semi-monastic order of laymen and clergy... common market Organization of autonomous countries formed to promote trade; see Common Market Popular name for the European Economic Community; see Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Integrated trading block formed in December 1994 by 20 states of eastern and southern Africa (with a combined population of 385 million) to replace the former One of the courts into which the Curia Regis (King's Court) was divided. It was originally the only superior court having jurisdiction in civil actions between subjects. It consisted of the Lord... common sense In philosophy, the doctrine that we perceive the external world directly, that what we perceive is what there is and how things are. Common-sense realism has been held by Scottish mathematician... Commons, House of Lower chamber of the UK Commons, John Rogers (1882-1945) US economist. He was both an economic theorist and a renowned labour historian. An active policymaker, he drafted early employment and union legisl ... commonwealth Body politic founded on law for the common `weal` or good. Political philosophers of the 17th century, such as Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, used the term to mean an organized political... Commonwealth conference Any consultation between the prime ministers (or defence, finance, foreign, or other ministers) of the sovereign independent members of the British Commonwealth. These are informal discussion... Commonwealth Day Public holiday celebrated on the second Monday in March in many parts of the Commonwealth. It was called Empire Day until 1958 and celebrated on 24 May (Queen Victoria's birthday) until 1966. ... Commonwealth Development Corporation Organization founded as the Colonial Development Corporation 1948 to aid the development of dependent Commonwealth territories; the change of name and extension of its activities to include those... Commonwealth Immigration Acts Successive acts to regulate the entry into the UK of British subjects from the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth Immigration Act, passed by the Conservative government in 1962, ruled that Commonwealth... Commonwealth Institute Organization that promotes awareness of Commonwealth countries through exhibitions, educational and cultural activities. Situated in London, it was founded 1887 as the Imperial Institute to... Commonwealth of Independent States Successor body to the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial and Research Organization Australian national research organization, which in 1949 replaced the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, founded in 1926, which had replaced the Advisory Council of Science and... Commonwealth, the British Voluntary association of 54 sovereign (self-ruling) countries and their dependencies, the majority of which once formed part of the Group of people or families living together, sharing resources and responsibilities. There have been various kinds of commune through the ages, including a body of burghers or burgesses in medieval... Commune, Paris Two separate periods in the history of Paris (between 1789 and 1794 and from March to May 1871); see Communications Decency Act 1996 rider (supplement) to the US Telecommunications Bill seeking to prevent the transmission of indecent material to minors via the Internet. It was struck down by a federal court in the same year,... communion of saints Another term for the Christian communion wafer Round wafer used during the celebration of the Communion, Holy In the Christian church, another name for the communism Revolutionary socialism based on the theories of the political philosophers Karl communism, German Revolutionary socialism that emerged in Germany between 1918 and 1933. Inspired by the Russian Communist Information Bureau See communist parties Political parties, based on cells under the leadership of centrally directed officials, devoted to the implementation of one or other versions of Communist Party of the United States US political party established in 1921 by the merger of the Communist Labor Party and the Communist Party of America, both founded in 1919. The new organization became the Workers Party, and in 1929... Communist Party of Great Britain British Marxist party founded in 1920, largely inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its affiliation with the Labour Party (it had originally been int ... Communities and Local Government, Department for UK government department formed in July 2001 as part of the Cabinet Office and with the title community architecture Movement enabling people to work directly with architects in the design and building of their own homes and neighbourhoods. Projects include housing at Byker, Newcastle, UK, by Ralph ... community charge In the UK, a charge (commonly known as the community council In Wales, name for a Community law Law of the member states of the community punishment In the UK penal system, unpaid work in the service of the community (aiding children, the elderly, or the disabled), performed by a convicted person by order of the court as an alternative to... community service In the US penal system, unpaid work in the service of the community (aiding children, the elderly, or the disabled), performed by a convicted person by order of the court as... community service In the UK penal system, former term for a Comoros Country in the Indian Ocean between Madagascar and the east coast of Africa, comprising three islands - Njazidja (Grande Comore), Nzwani (Anjouan), and Mwali (Moheli). A fourth island in the... compadrazgo Ritual kinship common in Spanish-speaking societies, especially in Latin America, established at baptism, confirmation, and marriage, between a person, his or... Companies Act 1985 Act of Parliament which governs modern company law in the UK. The act outlines the way companies are set up, run, and wound up. In particular, it defines the difference between a British order of knighthood (see company In the army, a subunit of a company In economics, a number of people grouped together as a business enterprise. Types of company include public limited companies, partnerships, joint ventures, sole proprietorships, and branches of... Compaoré, Blaise (1952) Burkinabè politician; president of Burkina Faso from 1987, and chair of the Popular Front of Burkina Faso. An army officer, Compaoré was second-in-command to President Thomas comparative advantage Law of international trade first elaborated by English economist David Ricardo showing that trade becomes worthwhile if the cost of production of particular items differs between... comparative religion Critical examination of all religious phenomena with the dispassion of scientific analysis but often with the hope of finding common ground, to solve the practical problems of competing claims of... compensation In law, money paid to a person who has suffered injury, loss, or damage. If a crime has been committed, compensation can be claimed from various official bodies and through... competition In economics, rivalry in the marketplace between different business organizations, usually competition for custom between those who have the same commodities to dispose of. Firms can make their... competition policy Government policy on competition in markets. Competition policy is usually aimed at increasing the level of competition in the market, for example by breaking up In commerce, see competitiveness The extent to which a producer is able to sell products in a market where other producers are selling similar products. For example, it can be argued that the UK manufacturing industry has lost... compliance In economics in the UK, abiding by the terms of the Financial Services Act 1986. Companies undertaking any form of investment business are regulated by the act and must fulfil their obligations to... Complutensian Polyglot Monumental multilingual edition of the Bible published in Spain in 1520. Begun in 1502, under the patronage of Cardinal Francisco Ximénes de Cisneros, it made the Bible text available for the first... Composite In classical architecture, one of the five types of composition In Irish history, a key Elizabethan reform policy first instituted by Lord Deputy Henry Sidney (1529-1586) in the mid-1570s, which commuted the feudal practice of composition In art, the arrangement of elements within an artwork to give a desired effect, often described as pleasing (unified and appealing to the eye) or expressive (intended to evoke a particular mood,... Composition in Red, Yellow and Blue Oil painting by Piet compound interest Interest calculated by computing the rate against the original capital plus reinvested interest each time the interest becomes due. When simple interest is calculated, only the interest on the... comprehensive school Secondary school that admits pupils of all abilities, and therefore without any academic selection procedure. In England 86.8% of all pupils attend a comprehensive school. Other state secondary... Compromise of 1850 In US history, legislative proposals designed to resolve the conflict between North and South over the issue of slavery in the new territories. The Compromise was triggered by the request of... Compton Wynyates Tudor mansion, once moated, 20 km/12 mi southeast of Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England. Begun in 1480, it is built round a courtyard, with the arms of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon... Compton-Burnett, Ivy (1884-1969) English novelist. She used dialogue to show reactions of small groups of characters dominated by the tyranny of family relationships. Her novels, set at the turn of the century, include Pastors and... Compton, John George Melvin (1926) St Lucian centrist politician, prime minister 1964-79 and 1982-96. He left the St Lucia Labour Party (SLP) to form the breakaway United Workers' Party (UWP) in 1961, becoming chief minister in... Compton, Spencer (1673-1743) British Whig politician, prime minister and First Lord of the Treasury from 1742. He became Speaker of the House of Commons 1715 and a privy councillor 1716. In office he was regarded as weak and a... comptroller Official title for a person who keeps or audits accounts, used mainly for government offices, or in connection with the royal household, when it refers to a kind of steward or treasurer. Thus the... compulsory purchase In the UK, the right of the state and authorized bodies to buy land required for public purposes even against the wishes of the owner. Under the Land Compensation Act 1973,... compulsory tendering Policy introduced by the UK Conservative government requiring local authorities and other public bodies to put out to tender work which might normally be done `in house`. This approach stemmed... computer art Art produced with the help of a computer. From the 1950s the aesthetic use of computers became increasingly evident in most artistic disciplines, including film... computer-aided design Use of computers to create and modify design drawings; see computerized axial tomography Medical technique, usually known as Comstock, Anthony (1844-1915) US reformer. A zealous campaigner against activities he considered immoral or indecent, his targets included writers and publishers, abortionists, dispensers of contraceptives, and art galleries; he... Comstock, Henry (Tompkins Paige) (1820-1870) Canadian-born prospector. He went to Nevada in 1856 and claimed the ground where was found the silver lode that was given his name in 1859. He sold his right for a small sum and turned to... Comuneros, Revolt of the A rebellion of the Spanish nobility and commoners against their Flemish-born king, Charles I (Emperor Comus In late Greek mythology, the god of festive mirth. He is depicted as a sleeping winged youth, crowned with flowers and holding a hunting spear and an inverted torch. The English poet John Milton in... Comyn Branch of a Norman family that came to England with William the Conqueror in the 11th century. Robert Comyn was made earl of Northumberland by William the Conqueror and his son, William Comyn,... Conant, Kenneth (John) (1894-1984) US architectural historian. Although his object-oriented, technical historiography fell out of fashion after the 1940s, he taught generations of architectural historians at Harvard 1920-55, and... Conboy, Sara (Agnes McLaughlin) (1870-1928) US labour leader. She led a carpet factory strike 1909-10, and became an organizer, and later the secretary and treasurer of the United Textile Workers. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She... conceit In literature, an elaborate and, sometimes, far-fetched image, which extends a metaphor into as many layers of meaning as it will bear. Conceits thrive on relating apparently impossible objects... concentration camp Prison camp for civilians in wartime or under totalitarian rule. Concentration camps called reconcentrados were used by the Spanish in Cuba in 1896, to `reconcentrate` Cubans... concept Idea; in philosophy, the term `concept` has superseded the more ambiguous Conchobar In Celtic mythology, king of Ulster whose intended bride, conciliar movement In the history of the Christian church, a 15th-century attempt to urge the supremacy of church councils over the popes, with regard to the conciliarism Theory of Catholic Church government developed in the late 14th and early 15th centuries, during and after the Great Schism (1378-1417, when rival popes had seats in Rome and Avignon), claiming... conciliation Process of helping the parties in a dispute to reach a mutually-acceptable agreement (one acceptable to both side). In industrial relations, it is where the two sides in a dispute seek to resolve... conclave Secret meeting, in particular the gathering of cardinals in Rome to elect a new pope. They are locked away in the Vatican Palace until they have reached a decision. The result of each ballot is... Concord, Book of A Lutheran statement of doctrine published in 1580. Widely adopted, it brings together the nine most important texts of Lutheran belief. These are:... Concord, Formula of A formulation of Lutheran belief drawn up by six Lutheran divines in March 1577. The Concord rejected the views on the Eucharist put forward by Melanchthon, and also the views on predestination... concordance Book containing an alphabetical list of the important words in a major work, with reference to the places in which they occur. The first concordance was one for the Latin Vulgate Bible compiled by a... concordat Agreement regulating relations between the papacy and a secular government, for example, that for France between Pius VII and the emperor Napoleon, which lasted from 1801 to 1905; Mussolini's... Concordia In Roman mythology, the goddess of civic harmony. She is represented as a matron, holding in her left hand the cornucopia or sceptre, and in her right an olive branch or patera. ... concrete Building material composed of cement, stone, sand, and water. It has been used since Roman times. Since the late 19th century, it has been increasingly employed as an economical alternative to... concubinage Cohabitation of a man with one or more women who do not have the full status of a wife. Concubines were permitted in ancient Greece and their children were legitimate if recognized by their fathers.... Condé, Henri I de Bourbon, 2nd Prince of Condé (1552-1588) French Condé, Henri II de Bourbon, 3rd Prince of Condé (1588-1646) Son of Henri I de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, and father of Louis II de Bourbon, the Great Condé. He was a Catholic and fought zealously against the Protestants, becoming one of Cardinal Condé, Louis I de Bourbon, Prince of Condé (1530-1569) Prominent French Condé, Louis II (1621-1686) Prince of Condé and French commander who won brilliant victories during the Thirty Years' War at Rocroi (1643) and Lens (1648), but rebelled in 1651 and entered the Spanish service. Pardoned in... Condé, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, 8th Prince of Condé (1736-1818) French soldier, son of the 7th Prince of Condé. He commanded the Royalist `army of Condé` in the French Conder, Charles Edward (1868-1909) Australian artist. He painted in watercolour and oil. In 1888 Conder joined Tom (1848-1910) British explorer. He was head of the survey party at Nablus in 1872, and in charge of the survey of Palestine, 1872-78 and 1881-82. In 1882 he was attached to the expedition under General Garnet... Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de (1715-1780) French philosopher. He mainly followed English philosopher John Condit, Carl W(ilbur) (1914-1997) US architectural historian. He published important studies of 19th- and 20th-century American buildings and of the Chicago School of architecture (1964), and technological histories of Chicago,... conditions of service Regulations which set out the rights and obligations of the employee. They are issued by employers and have to be accepted by employees. Conditions of service, for example, may lay down the rate of... | SearchTyp a word and hit `Search`.
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